Private Versus Public Education Essay examples -- Personal Narrative S

Private Versus Public Education Many battling guardians wish they could send their kids to non-public schools basically from kindergarten through the twelfth grade. Thus my inquiry is: What is the genuine worth of a private schooling? As indicated by an announcement from the U.S. Division of Education posted by College Smart, tuition based school understudies by and large perform higher than their state funded school partners on normalized accomplishment tests. As a result of open basic and secondary school instruction, I am at present observing a portion of the battles that state funded school understudies face after secondary school graduation when they enter school. I understand now that, behind the high educational cost costs, tuition based schools give mindful, challenges, and sustaining in a domain that is deficient in government funded schools. Families with assets definitely send their kids to tuition based school. It’s what individuals in that social world do. By and by, their reasons are on the gro unds that they can manage the cost of it, yet additionally in light of the fact that the genuine worth of private schooling can be found in how those understudies all the more promptly build up a familiarity with scholastic greatness and high accomplishment. I have encountered the entirety of the components that comprise free instruction. During my senior year at William L. Dickinson High School in Jersey City, New Jersey, I went to class for a half day, at that point going to work from 12:30 to 5 p.m. I would return home at six at night, Monday through Friday, and not need to do any schoolwork; I cherished having extra time. In spite of the fact that I don't lament the corporate work understanding, I see the outcomes that recreation time brought into my life. Since I am an undergrad, I am relied upon to be liable for different assignments ... ...ter throughout everyday life. The way that I am a state funded school understudy doesn't visually impaired me from seeing the truth of the unfortunate propensities that I created through twelve years of two-hours greatest, and oftentimes no time, spent doing day by day schoolwork. I was not blessed to go to a non-public school before Saint Peter’s College, and I am presently enduring the outcomes. In contrast to open, tuition based schools help advance great investigation propensities that further a person’s odds of prevailing in school. As per College Smart, non-public school understudies are twice as likely as state funded school understudies to finish a bachelor’s or further extent by their mid twenties (52 versus 26 percent). In this way, the value of going to a tuition based school includes instruction for the entire individual inside a qualities based setting that starts with positive, submitted propensities that will extend into the remainder of one’s life.

African American and Body Paragraphs

Directions: Copy and glue the accompanying content into a report or make an archive that contains a similar data. Composing Prompt What elaborate components does King use to impact his perusers? In the wake of perusing and investigating Letter from Birmingham Jail, compose a paper wherein you answer the question and break down structure and language in his content, giving at least 3 guides to delineate and explain your examination. What determination would you be able to make about the intensity of this content? 1. Reorder the presentation of your article. On the off chance that your teacher recommended any updates to your presentation, if it's not too much trouble make your modifications and remember for the space underneath. â€Å"Its out of line treatment of Negroes in the courts is an infamous (notable) reality. There have been progressively unsolved bombings of Negro homes and chapels in Birmingham than any city in this country. These are the hard, merciless, and amazing realities. † Unfortunately, he was correct. Those were â€Å"hard, fierce, and inconceivable facts† around then. During the time he composed the â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† the African-American Civil Rights Movement was going on. Individuals were fighting to get equivalent rights for â€Å"colored people†, to ban racial bad form in the USA and Martin Luther King Jr. was a major piece of it. He was one of the pioneers of this development; this letter he composed was from prison since he was given a punishment for marching without a grant. Martin Luther King shows this force through likenesses, non-serious inquiries and symbolism which makes a greater progressively significant picture in the perusers mind. Compose 2. Utilizing what you have found out about proof, clarification, citations, and reword, compose your body sections in the space underneath. You should incorporate in any event one of every one of the accompanying: †¢a direct citation presented with a total sentence and a colon †¢a direct citation presented with a flagging expression and a comma †¢a direct citation that is presented and clarified in one sentence †¢a reworded model †¢an inserted citation Locate 3. Inside the body passages of your exposition, find an immediate citation that is presented with a total sentence and a colon. Reorder it here. Make certain to incorporate the whole sentence that contains the citation just as the clarification sentence(s) that comes after it. 4. Inside the body sections of your paper, find an immediate citation that is presented with a flagging expression and a comma. Reorder it here. Make certain to incorporate the whole sentence that contains the citation just as the clarification sentence(s) that comes after it. 5. Inside the body passages of your paper, find an immediate citation that is presented and clarified in one sentence. Reorder it here. 6. Inside the body sections of your article, find one summarized model and reorder it here. 7. Inside the body passages of your exposition, find one implanted citation and reorder it here. Reflect 8. What are you generally glad for in this draft of your body sections? 9. What questions do you have about how to utilize models or clarifications in your composition? [ Close ]

How to Buy Cheap Domains 10 Cheapest Domain Name Registrars

How to Buy Cheap Domains 10 Cheapest Domain Name Registrars .elementor-19992 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19992{text-align:center}Last Updated on March 8, 2020When trying to get off the starting blocks with a website, sometimes price and price alone will be your primary concern. In these situations, youll want to start shopping around for cheap domains to keep your costs low.If youre just learning how to make a website for the first time, finding low cost domain names isnt a walk in the park. There are a virtually unlimited number of services promising the cheapest domains. Disclosure As an independent review site, we get compensated if you purchase through the referral links or coupon codes on this page â€" at no additional cost to you. Dismiss alert Before you purchase any domain, you should educate yourself on the rudiments. First and foremost. What is a domain name? Many people use the term interchangeably with a website, but thats not entirely accurate.This guide will present you with some of the best options, and then go into some tips for what to evaluate when seeking out cheap domain names. Conventional wisdom of course dictates that you get what you pay for most of the time. Does that adage hold true for a low-cost domain, where it might be tempting to go with the cheapest domain registration company possible to cut costs?To find out, we’ll also have to weigh the pros and cons that come with buying the cheapest domains. It has its advantages, for sure, but some downsides as well.When we take a look at the different registrars that are out there. We’ll be reviewing what they offer and what customers say about them. With any luck, the answers will let us know if going with a cheap domain registrar is just as effective as any other.Our #1 pick: Get a FREE domain top rated hosting for as little as $2.64 per Month Claim your discount now! 5. 11 Ionos6. GoDaddyCompare not so cheap domain registration servicesGandi.netInMotion hostingCheap domains: the basicsHow is a domain any different to hosting?C heap domain names: what qualifies as a good discount?What to check before you buy domains cheapBuying a cheap domain name doesnt mean low qualityPitfalls when buying a domain cheapBuying cheaper domain names: the verdict?FAQs What is the best site to buy a domain name? Here are the cheapest places to buy domain namesGoDaddyRegisterNetworkSolutionsGandi.netInMotionSiteGroundLets take a look at what we think are the best.1. HostGatorOn the surface, they are user-friendly. Customers, however, report that they employ pricing tricks to squeeze extra pennies out of users. The most prominent is low initial pricing that balloons to a much higher rate after that introductory term ends.You can also get a domain name for free here with these guys at the moment if you also need hosting, and once you get going you can check out our homepage guide on how to start a blog if you need more help. Check HostPapa for free domain name offer 3. NameCheapNameCheap (as you might have guessed from the na me) is a leader in the domain name business and one of the cheapest places to go. They offer  lower pricing than both Hostpapa and GoDaddy  (They claim they can get you a .com for as low as $8.88/year.). Their focus is mainly domains, not hosting, and they seem to have better overall reviews than competitors in that are than in their hosting and security services.Their service is simple and straightforward. They also make it easy to transfer domains when you feel the time is right. They have their share of complaints, but you could sum up the majority of opinions as, “at least they arent as bad as GoDaddy.”One pro review from BestHostNews is mostly positive. They praise NameCheaps reliable service and support. They liked the upsell and integration options and even gave them an Editors Choice.They were also quick to point out some negatives, like the money-back guarantee and value plan limitations. They noted that it wasnt a WOW, you must host with them company, but it was diff icult to find much of anything negative to say about them.Customer reviews seem to support most of these claims. A majority of WebHostingGeeks ratings are positive, with the average sitting at 3.5 stars. Many clients enjoy the ease-of-use and simple domain registration process.Its not all glowing reviews though. A sticking point seems to be some of NameCheaps billing practices. In particular, there is an abundance of complaints about the hard-to-shake auto-renew, spikes in fees, and holding domain names hostage.Reviews from WhoIsHostingThis? corroborate this. They are mostly positive, with a few gripes about billing and fees. Check current NameCheap prices now 4. BlueHost Check current BlueHost prices now 5. 11 promises users the “perfect domain.” Per their site, they offer a “.com” domain for $0.99/year as an introductory offer for new customers. The fine print reveals that the price goes up to $14.99/year for subsequent years, however.PCMag seems to have a fine opini on of them. They rate the service as “excellent.” From their review:“11 is an affordable Web host that offers rich website-creation tools, solid support, and impressive uptime. It’s our top choice if you need WordPress hosting.”There must be something of a trend with overestimating the value of certain domain registrars and hosting services at PCMag, though, for the comments aren’t nearly as favorable.“This is the WORST domain register company online today,” says one commenter. “Avoid these idiots completely,” remarks another.WebHostingGeeks reviews are equally biting. The average score is barely two-stars. Again, unscrupulous billing and shady business practices have earned the ire of many.“DO NOT GET INVOLVED WITH THESE CROOKS!” one emphatic reviewer states. Apparently, they wouldn’t let him cancel his account. When he refused the charges, they set a collections agent after him.Another notes that they are “Cheap For A Reason.” They claim customer serv ice was rude, unhelpful, and plain dishonest when it came to their dealings.Past users have even taken to Consumer Affairs to air their grievances. 43 reviews, and an average rating of one-star. Check current 1ve registered the domain name.  They are certainly cheap. Its easy to get started, and they are a reliable service.There are a few downsides, though, namely the constant attempts to upsell potential customers. There are plenty of complaints about their auto-renewal policies and hidden fees. They also make it difficult to leave if you want to do a domain name transfer.For domain registration, for a “.com,” they offer an introductory rate of $2.99/year if you sign up for two years. After that, though, the price goes up to $19.99/year!They do offer some “free extras” like DNS control, domain forwarding, and domain locking.GoDaddy is also a hosting service. They offer a range of packages to accommodate clients with different usage requirements. They also have email and m arketing assistance for those that need it.What does the public think? PCMag’s professional review is rather favorable. The “Editor’s Rating” is “Excellent.” They note that GoDaddy is “a feature-packed Web hosting service that boasts rock-solid uptime, excellent customer service, and also, flexible website-building tools,” qualifying that only “a few omissions keep it from winning an Editors’ Choice award” for its servicesCustomer reviews also tell a different story. Comments on the PCMag article lambast them for selling out for referral fees. One commenter, Fabio puts it as plainly as possible, “Anyone with some experience in the business will tell you this is probably one of the worst hosts in the world.”WebHostingGeeks has a total of 578 reviews of GoDaddy. Of those reviews, 233 are one-star, and 196 are two-star ratings.Choice review titles include, “Dishonest and Dispiteously Avaricious,” and “DISHONEST, SNEAKY, SHYSTERS!” The crux of many cust omer complaints seems to be that GoDaddy is only in it for the money.One customer tells a tale of how GoDaddy tried to charge him for someone else’s renewal fee. He claims that they went so far as to submit fraudulent documents to his credit card company to support the charges.Another customer talks about how they tripled his renewal price, set his account to auto-renew without his consent, then made it as difficult as possible for him to get his domain transferred elsewhere.Author Media has a solid list of why they feel GoDaddy just isn’t worth it, titled 6+ Reasons Why Authors Should Avoid GoDaddy. The list mirrors many consumer complaints. Poor service, pricing, and ease-of-use are among the perceived failings.Then there was Forbes’ scathing takedown, “5 Reasons You Should Leave GoDaddy (And How)”. They detail the company’s “unethical business practices” and provide alternatives to using the service.WhoIsHostingThis? has some positive reviews, but the median ratin g over there is still only three-stars. There are still plenty of gripes about poor customer service experiences and terrible support. Check currrent GoDaddy prices now Compare not so cheap domain registration servicesPerhaps getting domain registration at the cheapest price isnt your speed. There are plenty of other services that, while they may seem more expensive up-front, may offer their customers more.Gandi.netComparakeets professional review notes that while the service has some minor issues (the language barrier), the pricing is fair, and the commitment to staying clear from annoying upsells and ads seems genuine. Gandi.net also made LifeHackers list, Five Best Domain Name Registrars.Customer reviews of Gandi are mostly positive. They comment that the service is straightforward. Customers seem pleased that they can get what they want without any drama.FirstSiteGuide notes that they are one of the oldest registrars approved by ICANN. They rank their pricing as middle-of-the -road. The average rating is currently 4.5/5.InMotion hostingPCMag approves, stating that InMotion is a feature-stacked Web hosting service that offers many attractive features. They arent sure if its the best of the best, though, as they claim a few issues keep it from being the top dog.Customers, for their part, seem to enjoy InMotion. Though they openly admit the service suffers from issues from time to time, they happily report that customer service is friendly, and the issues are often resolved quickly.Courteous, professional support makes InMotion a great choice, appears as if it is the most common sentiment.Over on WebHostingGeeks, the average rating is 4.5. Many customers believe that, if anything, InMotion is underrated. They consistently praise the high level of customer support and professionalism.WhoIsHostingThis, another well-known review site agrees, with the consensus rating at their site sitting at 4/5. Though users have noted some issues with more advanced features, if youre just trying to get a domain registered, this option seems solid. Check currrent InMotion prices now Cheap domains: the basicsICANN, the International Corporation For Assigned Names And Numbers, has a comprehensive list of all the Top Level Domains out there if youre interested.When you type a domain name into your browser, the browser tracks down the associated IP Address. You are then taken to the corresponding website. Because domains are easier to remember than long strings of numbers, they provide convenience in navigating the web.GoDaddy has a pretty good breakdown on the topic in this video: How is a domain any different to hosting?As mentioned earlier, a domain is like an address that gives you the location of where you want to go on the web. The website is the actual content that youre looking to access. The hosting service, or server, is the place where the content resides.In many cases, hosting services will also allow you to choose a domain and then purchase through them, but you dont always have to. You may opt to buy a cheap domain from one service, build your site on your own, then have another service host the site for you. It will all depend on what will fit your individual goals best.Cheap domain names: what qualifies as a good discount?Type “Cheap Domain Names” into a search engine, and youll see a range of prices without much context. Which of these is real, and what qualifies as cheap? To know that, you have to consider what goes into the price of a domain name.Theres the initial registration, which is the price you pay upfront. This price usually covers the first year of your domain and can range from $0.99 to $13.00, on average.The less expensive ones usually come by way of a coupon code or some behind the scenes trickery so you may need to read carefully before selecting one.After that first year period is up, you will need to pay a renewal fee yearly to hold on to your domain name, usually less any discounts you got on the first year. This annual fee will range from $10.00 to $15.00 in most cases. You should expect to pay $9.00-$20.00 a year as the low end for your domain.Bear in mind that this is just the price for name renewals. It doesnt cover hosting fees or additional overhead that comes with running a website.What to check before you buy domains cheapWhen evaluating the services that offer cheap domains, you will need to ascertain if you are getting the value that you need. Heres what to look for at the onset:Accreditation: ICANN maintains a list of accredited domain name registrars in an attempt to keep things on the up-and-up. Any service accredited by ICANN “meets all the technical, operational and financial criteria necessary to qualify as a registrar business,” supposedly.You can view the Registrar Accreditation Agreements to learn more about what ICANN requires of registrars. Check out this link to see the current responsibilities charged to each registrar. You can also see the lis t of currently accredited registrars here.Reputation: ICANN helps to maintain a standard of accountability, but some less-than-reputable services can still slip through the cracks. To make sure that youre not getting fleeced when you buy a domain cheap, you should do some background checking.You want to find a service that has established itself. See how long theyve been in business. Check reviews from past clients. Look up their reputation with the Better Business Bureau. Everything that you can do to establish their trustworthiness is a plus.Privacy: When registering your domain, information about who you are, goes into a database. How much of your personal data do you want to be available? You should check with a service to see if they will conceal your details as much as possible.Support: Will the service you choose only offer you the barebones of registering your domain? Will they take on additional duties for you like nameserver and whois administration?Will they provide suppo rt if theres an issue? Can you get in touch with them via phone, email, etc.? You want to ensure that you wont have to fend for yourself in the case of an emergency.Buying a cheap domain name doesn't mean low qualityJust because it will be a cheap domain doesnt mean it has to be a poor one. There are guidelines to follow when selecting a domain name. GoDaddy, Moz, and Entrepreneur all have lists to which you can refer. Here are a few of the major aspects to look at before rushing into buying a cheap domain:The domain name should be easy to remember: This means choosing a domain name that is short, easy to pronounce, and easy to type. You should avoid things like hyphens and numbers. The easier it is for someone to say out loud, the easier it is for them to recall and type it in when they want to visit.The domain name should be relevant: If theres a keyword that links to your business or service, try to incorporate it. If youre a local outfit, consider including your city in the name . Brand it to your organization if possible.You dont want to step on anyones toes: This means no copyright infringement. Do your homework to see if what youve brainstormed is actually someone elses idea. You probably dont want to end up in any legal hot water, so this step is extra important.Check WHOIS to see whats taken: The  WHOIS database  shows whats available and what isnt. Its essential to refer here to find out if you can use the killer domain name you devised.Use a domain name generator if youre short on ideas: No shame here, just plug in a few keywords and let technology do the work for you.  NameMesh, and  NameBoy  are a couple of favorites that are easy to use. They can provide suggestions geared towards specific purposes as well.Pitfalls when buying a domain cheapAs with any endeavor, there are traps you can fall into if you dont have experience. Unscrupulous registrars will attempt to separate you from your hard-earned dollars with shady practices. Make sure you read t he fine print to avoid:WHOIS Database Trickery: Youll recall that the WHOIS database maintains a record of your registered domain and some personal details. After registering your domain, some companies will try to charge you for editing that information if there are errors or if something needs updating.Some will offer “privacy services,” promising to conceal your information for a price. What they dont tell you is that they substitute their information on the registry. If it comes down to a dispute, then in the eyes of the law that domain is theirs, and not yours.The most unsavoury services will straight-up steal your personal information and sell it to the highest bidder. No longer are you their customer; you become a product for them to auction off for more profits. Best prepare for the onslaught of spam and robocalls.Domain Slamming: This is often used as a ploy to get a user to unknowingly switch their registrar. A third-party will email you transfer notices disguised as a bill or renewal notice. Responding to this fraudulent note will transfer your domain to another registrar, and you get “slammed” with higher fees that you did not anticipate.The counter to Domain Slamming is the Registrar Lock. This keeps anyone from transferring your domain but comes with its own set of problems. A registrar can refuse to turn the lock off and hold you “hostage” if you want to transfer your domain elsewhere.Sometimes they will allow you to transfer domains, then turn around and hit you with a Transfer Fee that is many times what you paid to register in the first place. It is blatantly unethical. You can often resolve it with a call to your credit card company, as the fee violates ICANN rules regarding domain transfers.Buying cheaper domain names: the verdict?Youll have to balance several factors when youre starting your website. Theres a whole swath of companies promising a lot when it comes to cheap domains, but seem more intent on nickel-and-diming custo mers than providing adequate, no-frills registration. If you are unsure, look for a money back guarantee.If you just want to get a domain registered for the lowest price, though, youll probably find what youre looking for with NameCheap. They offer basic domain name registration (or even premium domains if needed) along with free private registration services to keep your information guarded. If youre up for it, lets learn a little more.The upside to cheap domain registrationNameCheap. Youve got to have a domain name to grow your website into something brandable. Might as well support your pocket and get it for as low a price as possible, right?Lets seePotential downsides to cheap domain registrationPerhaps not. There are a few reasons you might want to reconsider a cheap domain. The first is that it might not be as cheap as you initially thought.Some registrars employ pricing scams to hook you at an introductory rate that sounds reasonable. That rate, as you may have already deduce d, skyrockets later on, leaving you locked in at a price you never agreed on.Many customers complain about cheaper services hassling them with aggressive upsells. All the client wants is to register a domain, but some registrars are intent on extracting as much money from their customers as possible with perks that are of dubious worth.Some registrars will just tack on hidden fees for services you didnt request. When it comes time to renew, youll find yourself on the hook for more than you bargained for, and little recourse for excusing yourself from the situation.Thats because, unfortunately, many cheaper domain registrars make it notoriously difficult to transfer your domain. Theyll also disguise auto-renewal options into your terms of use, leaving you unaware that youre paying for things until you decide to check your bill in greater detail.Then there are the horror stories. Some about despondent customer service that makes it as difficult as possible to get out of a contract. Ot hers about clients who had their websites or domains stolen after trying to cancel their service. Others still about the endless run-around customers must embark on to get any basic needs handled.From poor security to barely functional WordPress integration, the list of complaints is long.This isnt to say bad things cant happen with a more expensive registrar. They do, though, seem to happen more frequently with a cheap one. Is it all the time, however? Surely there must be some hope if you want to go the cheap domain register route?How does the cheapest domain registration stack up?There are plenty of cheap services you can use if youre just trying to register a domain in short order. Just be careful not to go with one that has been plaguing customers with shady practices.You can find bad reviews for any company. Its easy for an unreasonably upset customer to head over to Reddit or PissedConsumer and let a corporation have it so dont let that sway you all the time unless the intern et is swarming with reviews like this for the domain registrar you are looking into.Also bear in mind that in some cases, the seemingly more expensive services will end up costing you the same as (or less than) the ones marketed as more affordable, so do your research beforehand to find the one that is going to suit your needs best.Our #1 pick: Get a FREE domain top rated hosting for as little as $2.64 per Month Claim your discount now! How much does a domain name cost? FAQs What is the best site to buy a domain name? There are quite a few options that we like including:HostGator (special offer with code startblog)HostPapa (special offer at our link)NameCheapBlueHost11 IonosGoDaddyRegisterNetworkSolutionsGandi.netInMotionSiteGround How to Buy Cheap Domains 10 Cheapest Domain Name Registrars .elementor-19992 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19992{text-align:center}Last Updated on March 8, 2020When trying to get off the starting blocks with a website, sometimes price and price alone will be your primary concern. In these situations, youll want to start shopping around for cheap domains to keep your costs low.If youre just learning how to make a website for the first time, finding low cost domain names isnt a walk in the park. There are a virtually unlimited number of services promising the cheapest domains. Disclosure As an independent review site, we get compensated if you purchase through the referral links or coupon codes on this page â€" at no additional cost to you. Dismiss alert Before you purchase any domain, you should educate yourself on the rudiments. First and foremost. What is a domain name? Many people use the term interchangeably with a website, but thats not entirely accurate.This guide will present you with some of the best options, and then go into some tips for what to evaluate when seeking out cheap domain names. Conventional wisdom of course dictates that you get what you pay for most of the time. Does that adage hold true for a low-cost domain, where it might be tempting to go with the cheapest domain registration company possible to cut costs?To find out, we’ll also have to weigh the pros and cons that come with buying the cheapest domains. It has its advantages, for sure, but some downsides as well.When we take a look at the different registrars that are out there. We’ll be reviewing what they offer and what customers say about them. With any luck, the answers will let us know if going with a cheap domain registrar is just as effective as any other.Our #1 pick: Get a FREE domain top rated hosting for as little as $2.64 per Month Claim your discount now! 5. 11 Ionos6. GoDaddyCompare not so cheap domain registration servicesGandi.netInMotion hostingCheap domains: the basicsHow is a domain any different to hosting?C heap domain names: what qualifies as a good discount?What to check before you buy domains cheapBuying a cheap domain name doesnt mean low qualityPitfalls when buying a domain cheapBuying cheaper domain names: the verdict?FAQs What is the best site to buy a domain name? Here are the cheapest places to buy domain namesGoDaddyRegisterNetworkSolutionsGandi.netInMotionSiteGroundLets take a look at what we think are the best.1. HostGatorOn the surface, they are user-friendly. Customers, however, report that they employ pricing tricks to squeeze extra pennies out of users. The most prominent is low initial pricing that balloons to a much higher rate after that introductory term ends.You can also get a domain name for free here with these guys at the moment if you also need hosting, and once you get going you can check out our homepage guide on how to start a blog if you need more help. Check HostPapa for free domain name offer 3. NameCheapNameCheap (as you might have guessed from the na me) is a leader in the domain name business and one of the cheapest places to go. They offer  lower pricing than both Hostpapa and GoDaddy  (They claim they can get you a .com for as low as $8.88/year.). Their focus is mainly domains, not hosting, and they seem to have better overall reviews than competitors in that are than in their hosting and security services.Their service is simple and straightforward. They also make it easy to transfer domains when you feel the time is right. They have their share of complaints, but you could sum up the majority of opinions as, “at least they arent as bad as GoDaddy.”One pro review from BestHostNews is mostly positive. They praise NameCheaps reliable service and support. They liked the upsell and integration options and even gave them an Editors Choice.They were also quick to point out some negatives, like the money-back guarantee and value plan limitations. They noted that it wasnt a WOW, you must host with them company, but it was diff icult to find much of anything negative to say about them.Customer reviews seem to support most of these claims. A majority of WebHostingGeeks ratings are positive, with the average sitting at 3.5 stars. Many clients enjoy the ease-of-use and simple domain registration process.Its not all glowing reviews though. A sticking point seems to be some of NameCheaps billing practices. In particular, there is an abundance of complaints about the hard-to-shake auto-renew, spikes in fees, and holding domain names hostage.Reviews from WhoIsHostingThis? corroborate this. They are mostly positive, with a few gripes about billing and fees. Check current NameCheap prices now 4. BlueHost Check current BlueHost prices now 5. 11 promises users the “perfect domain.” Per their site, they offer a “.com” domain for $0.99/year as an introductory offer for new customers. The fine print reveals that the price goes up to $14.99/year for subsequent years, however.PCMag seems to have a fine opini on of them. They rate the service as “excellent.” From their review:“11 is an affordable Web host that offers rich website-creation tools, solid support, and impressive uptime. It’s our top choice if you need WordPress hosting.”There must be something of a trend with overestimating the value of certain domain registrars and hosting services at PCMag, though, for the comments aren’t nearly as favorable.“This is the WORST domain register company online today,” says one commenter. “Avoid these idiots completely,” remarks another.WebHostingGeeks reviews are equally biting. The average score is barely two-stars. Again, unscrupulous billing and shady business practices have earned the ire of many.“DO NOT GET INVOLVED WITH THESE CROOKS!” one emphatic reviewer states. Apparently, they wouldn’t let him cancel his account. When he refused the charges, they set a collections agent after him.Another notes that they are “Cheap For A Reason.” They claim customer serv ice was rude, unhelpful, and plain dishonest when it came to their dealings.Past users have even taken to Consumer Affairs to air their grievances. 43 reviews, and an average rating of one-star. Check current 1ve registered the domain name.  They are certainly cheap. Its easy to get started, and they are a reliable service.There are a few downsides, though, namely the constant attempts to upsell potential customers. There are plenty of complaints about their auto-renewal policies and hidden fees. They also make it difficult to leave if you want to do a domain name transfer.For domain registration, for a “.com,” they offer an introductory rate of $2.99/year if you sign up for two years. After that, though, the price goes up to $19.99/year!They do offer some “free extras” like DNS control, domain forwarding, and domain locking.GoDaddy is also a hosting service. They offer a range of packages to accommodate clients with different usage requirements. They also have email and m arketing assistance for those that need it.What does the public think? PCMag’s professional review is rather favorable. The “Editor’s Rating” is “Excellent.” They note that GoDaddy is “a feature-packed Web hosting service that boasts rock-solid uptime, excellent customer service, and also, flexible website-building tools,” qualifying that only “a few omissions keep it from winning an Editors’ Choice award” for its servicesCustomer reviews also tell a different story. Comments on the PCMag article lambast them for selling out for referral fees. One commenter, Fabio puts it as plainly as possible, “Anyone with some experience in the business will tell you this is probably one of the worst hosts in the world.”WebHostingGeeks has a total of 578 reviews of GoDaddy. Of those reviews, 233 are one-star, and 196 are two-star ratings.Choice review titles include, “Dishonest and Dispiteously Avaricious,” and “DISHONEST, SNEAKY, SHYSTERS!” The crux of many cust omer complaints seems to be that GoDaddy is only in it for the money.One customer tells a tale of how GoDaddy tried to charge him for someone else’s renewal fee. He claims that they went so far as to submit fraudulent documents to his credit card company to support the charges.Another customer talks about how they tripled his renewal price, set his account to auto-renew without his consent, then made it as difficult as possible for him to get his domain transferred elsewhere.Author Media has a solid list of why they feel GoDaddy just isn’t worth it, titled 6+ Reasons Why Authors Should Avoid GoDaddy. The list mirrors many consumer complaints. Poor service, pricing, and ease-of-use are among the perceived failings.Then there was Forbes’ scathing takedown, “5 Reasons You Should Leave GoDaddy (And How)”. They detail the company’s “unethical business practices” and provide alternatives to using the service.WhoIsHostingThis? has some positive reviews, but the median ratin g over there is still only three-stars. There are still plenty of gripes about poor customer service experiences and terrible support. Check currrent GoDaddy prices now Compare not so cheap domain registration servicesPerhaps getting domain registration at the cheapest price isnt your speed. There are plenty of other services that, while they may seem more expensive up-front, may offer their customers more.Gandi.netComparakeets professional review notes that while the service has some minor issues (the language barrier), the pricing is fair, and the commitment to staying clear from annoying upsells and ads seems genuine. Gandi.net also made LifeHackers list, Five Best Domain Name Registrars.Customer reviews of Gandi are mostly positive. They comment that the service is straightforward. Customers seem pleased that they can get what they want without any drama.FirstSiteGuide notes that they are one of the oldest registrars approved by ICANN. They rank their pricing as middle-of-the -road. The average rating is currently 4.5/5.InMotion hostingPCMag approves, stating that InMotion is a feature-stacked Web hosting service that offers many attractive features. They arent sure if its the best of the best, though, as they claim a few issues keep it from being the top dog.Customers, for their part, seem to enjoy InMotion. Though they openly admit the service suffers from issues from time to time, they happily report that customer service is friendly, and the issues are often resolved quickly.Courteous, professional support makes InMotion a great choice, appears as if it is the most common sentiment.Over on WebHostingGeeks, the average rating is 4.5. Many customers believe that, if anything, InMotion is underrated. They consistently praise the high level of customer support and professionalism.WhoIsHostingThis, another well-known review site agrees, with the consensus rating at their site sitting at 4/5. Though users have noted some issues with more advanced features, if youre just trying to get a domain registered, this option seems solid. Check currrent InMotion prices now Cheap domains: the basicsICANN, the International Corporation For Assigned Names And Numbers, has a comprehensive list of all the Top Level Domains out there if youre interested.When you type a domain name into your browser, the browser tracks down the associated IP Address. You are then taken to the corresponding website. Because domains are easier to remember than long strings of numbers, they provide convenience in navigating the web.GoDaddy has a pretty good breakdown on the topic in this video: How is a domain any different to hosting?As mentioned earlier, a domain is like an address that gives you the location of where you want to go on the web. The website is the actual content that youre looking to access. The hosting service, or server, is the place where the content resides.In many cases, hosting services will also allow you to choose a domain and then purchase through them, but you dont always have to. You may opt to buy a cheap domain from one service, build your site on your own, then have another service host the site for you. It will all depend on what will fit your individual goals best.Cheap domain names: what qualifies as a good discount?Type “Cheap Domain Names” into a search engine, and youll see a range of prices without much context. Which of these is real, and what qualifies as cheap? To know that, you have to consider what goes into the price of a domain name.Theres the initial registration, which is the price you pay upfront. This price usually covers the first year of your domain and can range from $0.99 to $13.00, on average.The less expensive ones usually come by way of a coupon code or some behind the scenes trickery so you may need to read carefully before selecting one.After that first year period is up, you will need to pay a renewal fee yearly to hold on to your domain name, usually less any discounts you got on the first year. This annual fee will range from $10.00 to $15.00 in most cases. You should expect to pay $9.00-$20.00 a year as the low end for your domain.Bear in mind that this is just the price for name renewals. It doesnt cover hosting fees or additional overhead that comes with running a website.What to check before you buy domains cheapWhen evaluating the services that offer cheap domains, you will need to ascertain if you are getting the value that you need. Heres what to look for at the onset:Accreditation: ICANN maintains a list of accredited domain name registrars in an attempt to keep things on the up-and-up. Any service accredited by ICANN “meets all the technical, operational and financial criteria necessary to qualify as a registrar business,” supposedly.You can view the Registrar Accreditation Agreements to learn more about what ICANN requires of registrars. Check out this link to see the current responsibilities charged to each registrar. You can also see the lis t of currently accredited registrars here.Reputation: ICANN helps to maintain a standard of accountability, but some less-than-reputable services can still slip through the cracks. To make sure that youre not getting fleeced when you buy a domain cheap, you should do some background checking.You want to find a service that has established itself. See how long theyve been in business. Check reviews from past clients. Look up their reputation with the Better Business Bureau. Everything that you can do to establish their trustworthiness is a plus.Privacy: When registering your domain, information about who you are, goes into a database. How much of your personal data do you want to be available? You should check with a service to see if they will conceal your details as much as possible.Support: Will the service you choose only offer you the barebones of registering your domain? Will they take on additional duties for you like nameserver and whois administration?Will they provide suppo rt if theres an issue? Can you get in touch with them via phone, email, etc.? You want to ensure that you wont have to fend for yourself in the case of an emergency.Buying a cheap domain name doesn't mean low qualityJust because it will be a cheap domain doesnt mean it has to be a poor one. There are guidelines to follow when selecting a domain name. GoDaddy, Moz, and Entrepreneur all have lists to which you can refer. Here are a few of the major aspects to look at before rushing into buying a cheap domain:The domain name should be easy to remember: This means choosing a domain name that is short, easy to pronounce, and easy to type. You should avoid things like hyphens and numbers. The easier it is for someone to say out loud, the easier it is for them to recall and type it in when they want to visit.The domain name should be relevant: If theres a keyword that links to your business or service, try to incorporate it. If youre a local outfit, consider including your city in the name . Brand it to your organization if possible.You dont want to step on anyones toes: This means no copyright infringement. Do your homework to see if what youve brainstormed is actually someone elses idea. You probably dont want to end up in any legal hot water, so this step is extra important.Check WHOIS to see whats taken: The  WHOIS database  shows whats available and what isnt. Its essential to refer here to find out if you can use the killer domain name you devised.Use a domain name generator if youre short on ideas: No shame here, just plug in a few keywords and let technology do the work for you.  NameMesh, and  NameBoy  are a couple of favorites that are easy to use. They can provide suggestions geared towards specific purposes as well.Pitfalls when buying a domain cheapAs with any endeavor, there are traps you can fall into if you dont have experience. Unscrupulous registrars will attempt to separate you from your hard-earned dollars with shady practices. Make sure you read t he fine print to avoid:WHOIS Database Trickery: Youll recall that the WHOIS database maintains a record of your registered domain and some personal details. After registering your domain, some companies will try to charge you for editing that information if there are errors or if something needs updating.Some will offer “privacy services,” promising to conceal your information for a price. What they dont tell you is that they substitute their information on the registry. If it comes down to a dispute, then in the eyes of the law that domain is theirs, and not yours.The most unsavoury services will straight-up steal your personal information and sell it to the highest bidder. No longer are you their customer; you become a product for them to auction off for more profits. Best prepare for the onslaught of spam and robocalls.Domain Slamming: This is often used as a ploy to get a user to unknowingly switch their registrar. A third-party will email you transfer notices disguised as a bill or renewal notice. Responding to this fraudulent note will transfer your domain to another registrar, and you get “slammed” with higher fees that you did not anticipate.The counter to Domain Slamming is the Registrar Lock. This keeps anyone from transferring your domain but comes with its own set of problems. A registrar can refuse to turn the lock off and hold you “hostage” if you want to transfer your domain elsewhere.Sometimes they will allow you to transfer domains, then turn around and hit you with a Transfer Fee that is many times what you paid to register in the first place. It is blatantly unethical. You can often resolve it with a call to your credit card company, as the fee violates ICANN rules regarding domain transfers.Buying cheaper domain names: the verdict?Youll have to balance several factors when youre starting your website. Theres a whole swath of companies promising a lot when it comes to cheap domains, but seem more intent on nickel-and-diming custo mers than providing adequate, no-frills registration. If you are unsure, look for a money back guarantee.If you just want to get a domain registered for the lowest price, though, youll probably find what youre looking for with NameCheap. They offer basic domain name registration (or even premium domains if needed) along with free private registration services to keep your information guarded. If youre up for it, lets learn a little more.The upside to cheap domain registrationNameCheap. Youve got to have a domain name to grow your website into something brandable. Might as well support your pocket and get it for as low a price as possible, right?Lets seePotential downsides to cheap domain registrationPerhaps not. There are a few reasons you might want to reconsider a cheap domain. The first is that it might not be as cheap as you initially thought.Some registrars employ pricing scams to hook you at an introductory rate that sounds reasonable. That rate, as you may have already deduce d, skyrockets later on, leaving you locked in at a price you never agreed on.Many customers complain about cheaper services hassling them with aggressive upsells. All the client wants is to register a domain, but some registrars are intent on extracting as much money from their customers as possible with perks that are of dubious worth.Some registrars will just tack on hidden fees for services you didnt request. When it comes time to renew, youll find yourself on the hook for more than you bargained for, and little recourse for excusing yourself from the situation.Thats because, unfortunately, many cheaper domain registrars make it notoriously difficult to transfer your domain. Theyll also disguise auto-renewal options into your terms of use, leaving you unaware that youre paying for things until you decide to check your bill in greater detail.Then there are the horror stories. Some about despondent customer service that makes it as difficult as possible to get out of a contract. Ot hers about clients who had their websites or domains stolen after trying to cancel their service. Others still about the endless run-around customers must embark on to get any basic needs handled.From poor security to barely functional WordPress integration, the list of complaints is long.This isnt to say bad things cant happen with a more expensive registrar. They do, though, seem to happen more frequently with a cheap one. Is it all the time, however? Surely there must be some hope if you want to go the cheap domain register route?How does the cheapest domain registration stack up?There are plenty of cheap services you can use if youre just trying to register a domain in short order. Just be careful not to go with one that has been plaguing customers with shady practices.You can find bad reviews for any company. Its easy for an unreasonably upset customer to head over to Reddit or PissedConsumer and let a corporation have it so dont let that sway you all the time unless the intern et is swarming with reviews like this for the domain registrar you are looking into.Also bear in mind that in some cases, the seemingly more expensive services will end up costing you the same as (or less than) the ones marketed as more affordable, so do your research beforehand to find the one that is going to suit your needs best.Our #1 pick: Get a FREE domain top rated hosting for as little as $2.64 per Month Claim your discount now! How much does a domain name cost? FAQs What is the best site to buy a domain name? There are quite a few options that we like including:HostGator (special offer with code startblog)HostPapa (special offer at our link)NameCheapBlueHost11 IonosGoDaddyRegisterNetworkSolutionsGandi.netInMotionSiteGround

Christopher Columbus Fourth and Last New World Voyage

On May 11, 1502, Christopher Columbus set out on his fourth and final voyage to the New World with a fleet of four ships. His mission was to explore uncharted areas to the west of the Caribbean in hopes of finding a passage to the Orient. While Columbus did explore parts of southern Central America, his ships disintegrated during the voyage, leaving Columbus and his men stranded for nearly a year. Before the Journey Much had happened since Columbus’  daring 1492 voyage of discovery. After that historic trip, Columbus was sent back to the New World to establish a colony. While a gifted sailor, Columbus was a terrible administrator, and the colony he founded on Hispaniola turned against him. After his third trip, ​Columbus was arrested and sent back to Spain in chains. Although he was quickly freed by the king and queen, his reputation was in shambles. At 51, Columbus was increasingly being viewed as an eccentric by the members of the royal court, perhaps due to his belief that when Spain united the world under Christianity (which they would quickly accomplish with gold and wealth from the New World) that the world would end. He also tended to dress like a simple barefoot friar, rather than the wealthy man he had become. Even so, the crown agreed to finance one last voyage of discovery. With royal backing, Columbus soon found four seaworthy vessels: the Capitana, Gallega, Vizcaà ­na, and Santiago de Palos. His brothers, Diego and Bartholomew, and his son Fernando signed on as crew, as did some veterans of his earlier voyages. Hispaniola the Hurricane Columbus was not welcome when he returned to the island of Hispaniola. Too many settlers remembered his cruel and ineffective administration. Nevertheless, after first visiting Martinique and Puerto Rico, he made Hispaniola his destination because had hopes of being able to swap the Santiago de Palos for a quicker ship while there. As he awaited an answer, Columbus realized a storm was approaching and sent word to the current governor, Nicolà ¡s de Ovando, that he should consider delaying the fleet that was set to depart for Spain. Governor Ovando, resenting the interference, forced Columbus to anchor his ships in a nearby estuary. Ignoring the explorers advice, he sent the fleet of 28 ships to Spain. A tremendous hurricane sank 24 of them: three returned and only one (Ironically, the one containing Columbus’  personal effects that hed wished to send to Spain) arrived safely. Columbus’  own ships, all badly battered, nevertheless remained afloat. Across the Caribbean After the hurricane passed, Columbus’ small fleet set out in search of a passage west, however, the storms did not abate and the journey became a living hell. The ships, already damaged by the forces of the hurricane, suffered substantially more abuse. Eventually, Columbus and his ships reached Central America, anchoring off the coast of Honduras on an island that many believe to be Guanaja, where they made what repairs they could and took on supplies. Native Encounters While exploring Central America, Columbus had an encounter many consider to be the first with one of the major inland civilizations. Columbus’ fleet came in contact with a trading vessel, a very long, wide canoe full of goods and traders believed to be Mayan from the Yucatan. The traders carried copper tools and weapons, swords made of wood and flint, textiles, and a beerlike beverage made from fermented corn. Columbus, oddly enough, decided not to investigate the interesting trading civilization, and instead of turning north when he reached Central America, he went south. Central America to Jamaica Columbus continued exploring to the south  along the coasts of present-day Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. While there, Columbus and his crew traded for food and gold whenever possible. They encountered several native cultures and observed stone structures as well as maize being cultivated on terraces. By early 1503, the structure of the ships began to fail. In addition to the storm damage the vessels had endured, it was discovered they were also infested with termites. Columbus reluctantly set sail for Santo Domingo looking for aid—but the ships only made it as far as Santa Gloria (St. Ann’s Bay), Jamaica before they were incapacitated. A Year on Jamaica Columbus and his men did what they could, breaking the ships apart to make shelters and fortifications. They formed a relationship with the local natives who brought them food. Columbus was able to get word to Ovando of his predicament, but Ovando had neither the resources nor the inclination to help. Columbus and his men languished on Jamaica for a year, surviving storms, mutinies, and an uneasy peace with the natives. (With the help of one of his books, Columbus was able to impress the natives by correctly predicting an eclipse.) In June 1504, two ships finally arrived to retrieve Columbus and his crew. Columbus returned to Spain only to learn that his beloved Queen Isabella was dying. Without her support, he would never again return to the New World. Importance of the Fourth Voyage Columbus’ final voyage is remarkable primarily for new exploration, mostly along the coast of Central America. Its also of interest to historians, who value the descriptions of the native cultures encountered by Columbus’ small fleet, particularly those sections concerning the Mayan traders. Some of the fourth voyage crew would go on to greater things: Cabin boy Antonio de Alaminos eventually piloted and explored much of the western Caribbean. Columbus’ son Fernando wrote a biography of his famous father. Still, for the most part, the fourth voyage was a failure by almost any standard. Many of Columbus’ men died, his ships were lost, and no passage to the west was ever found. Columbus never sailed again and when he died in 1506, he was convinced that hed found Asia—even if most of Europe already accepted the fact that the Americas were an unknown â€Å"New World. That said, the fourth voyage showcased more profoundly than any other Columbus’ sailing skills, his fortitude, and his resilience—the very attributes that allowed him to journey to the Americas in the first place. Source: Thomas, Hugh. Rivers of Gold: The Rise of the Spanish Empire, from Columbus to Magellan. Random House. New York. 2005.

The Trauma Of Slavery s Beloved - 1389 Words

The Trauma of Slavery in Beloved As opinions on slavery differed in both the North and South in the 1800’s, plantation owners in the South defended their rights to human ownership. Many slaves continued to contend with the unpredictable emotions by their owners which were responsible for the physical and emotional everyday traumatic events that shaped their lives. In Toni Morrison’s Beloved she shares the trying times of slave families who suffered greatly from slavery. Trauma caused suffering for many generations not just the ones who endured that slave life. The slaves and their families suffered from living without a mother’s love, physical abuse, and emotional abuse. Many children were born into slavery. Knowing your father was usually impossible because of the situations a mother had to endure with many different men. A mother’s love was short lived and many children never got a chance to feel it. Some slave mothers kept their infants for a sho rt period of time and others longer as long as they could look after them without interference with their work. Some mothers got the chance to take their children tied to their backs to the fields and some even made simple rope toys tied to a tree to help entertain their children nearby. Many times once the mother was well enough to return to work usually around a month; infants were sent to be cared for by another woman or older siblings. Taking a child early from its mother was thought as a way toShow MoreRelated The Historical Trauma of Slavery in the Film Version of Toni Morrisons Beloved3134 Words   |  13 PagesThe Historical Trauma of Slavery in the Film Version of Toni Morrisons Beloved The film Beloved was released in 1998 to mixed reviews. The movie, based on Toni Morrisons novel, tells a ghost story from an African American perspective. It takes place only a few years after the abolishment of slavery, with the traumatic scars still fresh and unable to be healed. In the film the protagonist, Sethe, is revisited by the ghost of the daughter she murdered eighteen years earlier. I shall argue thatRead More`` Beloved `` By Toni Morrison Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pages Distinguished African-American novelist, Toni Morrison, in her notoriously suspenseful anachronic masterpiece, Beloved, tells the story of a fugitive slave named Sethe who escaped from the Sweet Home plantation in Kentucky to Cincinnati, Ohio, a free state. She lives freely with her husband’s grandmother for twenty-eight days until the slave masters come to capture her. Frightened, she attempts to murder all of her children to prevent them from living a life of dehumanized servitude but only su cceedsRead MoreHow Does Toni Morrisons Beloved Reflect a Postcolonial Sensitivity997 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough historical records and researched the diaries and memoirs of slaves and their owners before writing Beloved, in order to gain some sense of the experience of slavery as seen through the lives of ordinary people. As Morrison (cited in Conway, 2003, p.49) says: The book is not about the institution - slavery with a capital S. It was about these anonymous people called slaves. Beloved is not a linear tale told from beginning to end, but is written in fragments, with the reader left to pieceRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1561 Words   |  7 PagesBeloved is one of the most beautifully written books and Toni Morrison is one of the best authors in the world. After reading the Bluest Eye and seeing how captivating it is, it is not highly expectant to think that Beloved to be just as enchanting. Anyone who has read Beloved would read it again and those of us who have not should be dying to read it. Beloved is a historical fiction novel based on a true historical incident. Beloved is setRead MoreBeloved by Toni Morrison1455 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, numerous people were victims of slavery. Many people were tortured and worked to death and suffered horrifically. Not many slaves knew their mothers because they were torn from their homes. Many slave women were robbed of their innoc ence by their masters. Behind the face of every slave, there is always a very traumatic unforgettable story which is not something to pass on, but a lesson to remember from repeating same mistake again. Only a handful of slaves learned to read andRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s The Book And The Conference2009 Words   |  9 Pagesmentioned in their speeches slavery and slave trade, known as the Middle Passage. People of African descent struggled and still struggle all over the world, fighting for their rights and against racism. Coincidentally, prior to the conference, I ve finished re-reading Toni Morrison Beloved. Morrison,who won the Nobel prize for this book, directly addresses the issue of slavery and slave crossing in her novel; the book and the conference inspired me to write on this topic. Beloved is not only a title ofRead MoreReview Of The Bluest Eye 2004 Words   |  9 PagesPRINCESS O’NIKA AUGUSTE ATLANTA, GEORGIA Beloved is one of the most beautifully written books and Toni Morrison is one of the best authors in the world. After reading the Bluest Eye and seeing how captivating it is, it is not highly expectant to think that Beloved would be just as enchanting. Anyone who has read Beloved would read it again and those of us who have not should be dying to read it. Beloved is a historical fiction novel based on aRead MoreToni Morrison s Beloved And The Bluest Eye2300 Words   |  10 PagesAuthor/Work Literary Analysis Paper Toni Morrison s Beloved and The Bluest Eye Toni Morrison is known for her use of poetic language. In many of her writings Morrison captures the pursuit of African Americans identities(Parnell). Considering Morrison never experienced the horrific tragedies she writes about, she is a witness to many identities that were destroyed by society depiction of them. The themes that Toni Morrison illustrates in her works Beloved and The Bluest Eye demonstrates how Toni MorrisonRead MoreHealing Through Rememorizes: A Reading Of Toni Morrison’S2031 Words   |  9 PagesHealing Through Rememorizes: A Reading of Toni Morrison’s Beloved Foram Patel Lecturer, E-mail- Abstract Based on fragments borrowed from the Margaret Garner incident, Morrison explores the harrowing nature of slavery in her fifth novel Beloved (1987). But far from being an objective account of slavery, Beloved is a psychological exploration of traumatic experience which examines and internalizes slavery by focusing on the day-to-day lived experiences of the slaves rendering enslavement as an intimateRead MoreEssay On Kill Your Own By Toni Morrison Essay2007 Words   |  9 PagesInfanticide-To kill your own Toni Morrison s Beloved, is a story of trying to move forward, only to end up being haunted by the past. We learn the story of Sethe, a runaway slave. The story, set in Ohio in 1873, tells of Sethes escape from slavery, and the fateful day her life took a drastic turn. To a stranger, from the outside looking in, Sethes life is as normal as it could be under the circumstances of being a runaway.. Morrison tells of Sethe s struggle of being enslaved not only in body

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Dementia - 11088 Words

Introduction: In this assignment I will be explaining the different physiological disorders. The two disorders that I have picked are dementia and diabetes. With this I will discuss and explain the signs and symptoms that occurs and the changes the clients have been through. Dementia: Dementia is an illness that happens to the elderly. Frequently dementia takes place in people who are 65 and over. From research it has been said that the older you get, the more likely you are to develop it. Dementia is a common condition. Dementia is not a specific disease. It is a descriptive term for a collection of symptoms that can be caused by a number of disorders that affect the brain. In England alone, there are currently 570,000 people living with dementia. Dementia usually affects the individual’s memory, thinking, language development and understanding. Normal system: The human brain is able to continually adapt and rewire itself. Even in old age, it can grow new neurons. The mind interaction is what stimulates brain cells to grow and connect with each other in complex ways. The brain stem is in charge of keeping the automatic systems of your body working. You don’t have to think about breathing, you just do it automatically, but you can decide if you want to hold your breath for a short time. You don’t have to think about your heart beating because your brain keeps it going automatically. However when dementia occurs these brain stems fail and do not work to its best ability.Show MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Dementia935 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Worldwide, 47.5 million people have dementia and there are 7.7 million new cases every year† (WHO). Dementia is not a specific disease. Instead, it is a broad term used to describe a wide range of symptoms that impact one’s daily functioning (ALZ). These symptoms are associated with memory, thinking, and social abilities (Mayo Clinic). While signs and symptoms of dementia can differ based on the cause, there are several common cognitive and psychological changes that occur. Common cognitive changesRead MoreSymptoms And Diagnosis Of Dementia987 Words   |  4 PagesAn estimated 47.5 million people suffer from dementia. Every 4 seconds one new case of dementia is diagnosed. Dementia is a term that describes certain symptoms such as impairment to memory, communication and thinking. It is a group of symptoms and not just one illness. Even though one‘s chance of getting dementia increase with age, it is not a part of aging. Dementia is usually diagnosed after a series of assessments that includes a physical evaluation, memory tests, imaging studies and bloodRead More Symptoms And Treatment Of Dementia1428 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Dementia is a disorder that leads to a gradual loss of the cognitive capacity of an individual, ultimately affecting one’s daily activities. Dementia does manifests through the accompanying disorders because it does not exist on its own. In other words, dementia is a disorder that comes about through the existence of the related disorders. The main ones are four, but they are not the only disorders that cause dementia. These include Lewy Bodies dementia (LBD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD)Read MoreSymptoms Of Patients With Dementia962 Words   |  4 Pagesexpress the pain that they feel to the people around them. This article goes into depth of how patients with dementia or Alzheimer’s don’t necessarily get the pain management to meet their needs and ways for medical professionals and the family members can understand that just because the patient cannot express the pain in a way that they understand it doesn’t mean that they are pain free. Dementia is defined in the article as ‘a group of syndromes characterized by progressive decline in cognition ofRead MoreThe Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms Of Dementia1197 Words   |  5 PagesMallampalli Kalbarczyk, 2012). The Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) have a significant impact on the quality of life of the person with dementia and the caregiver (Rouch et al, 2014). The existence and intensity of the BPSD has a greater negative impact on caregivers then the actual cognitive decline (Rouch et al, 2014). AD is the most common cause of dementia and accounts of 60 – 80% of all dementia cases (Carter et al, 2012). AD is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerativeRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Frontotemporal Dementia995 Words   |  4 Pagesappropriately labeled as Dementia. However, not all areas of Dementia are reserved for the elderly. Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) is a rather extreme case of the all-encompassing term Dementia. 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Dementia is a term used to describe persistent disorder of the brain, caused by a disease or injury making memoryRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease : Symptoms And Treatment Of Dementia1482 Words   |  6 Pagesother subsets of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease being one of the most well known. With the skyrocketing increase of individuals suffering from dementia will come the need for more intervention and prevention projects to help the number of individuals suffering from all forms of dementia. Even though there is an umbrella of different forms of dementia, dementia it self is a term used to describe a disease that is chronic, progressive, and terminal and each of the forms of dementia are classified inRead MoreDescribe the types of dementia and common signs and symptoms1148 Words   |  5 PagesUnit 40 - P1 Describe the types of dementia and common signs and symptoms The term ‘dementia’ describes a set of symptoms which can include loss of memory, mood changes and problems with communication and reasoning. These symptoms occur when the brain is damaged by certain conditions and diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. †¨Age is the greatest risk factor for dementia. Dementia affects one in 14 people over the age of 65 and one in six overRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Alzheimer s Disease And Dementia2186 Words   |  9 Pages(Sherwood). Inflammation is triggered by the body’s immune system and is a factor that plays in the progression of the disease (Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia). Alzheimer’s causes nerve cell death and tissue loss throughout the brain. This causes the brain to shrink dramatically and affects almost all of its functions (Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia). There is a loss of connections among brain cells responsible for memory, learning, and communication. The main portion of the brain called the cerebral

Dont Get Me Started free essay sample

By oke Don’t get me started on smoking. Let me deal with first positive side of smoking. First, many people like to smoke before exams or when they are relaxing with friends. A further point is that the government throughout the world make huge profits from levying taxes on cigarettes. This provides funds which are used for building schools, hospitals and other public amenities. The tobacco industry also employs tens of thousands of people throughout the world, particularly in countries like Zimbabwe and India. Without cigarettes these people would have no jobs.However, despite these points, the arguments against smoking is very much stronger, there is no getting away from the fact that smoking has always shown the dangers of health; heart disease, bronchitis, lung cancer. Opinion wise speaking, I think smoking is not just arrogant, rude and ill-mannered. To think that these people are killing themselves gradually without them knowing it is truly sad. This fact is true even without all the additional problems, and there are quite a few of those, to say the least. If you have the great misfortune to live or work in London, you will know that public transport workers can’t go a week without declaring they will be going on strike about one thing or another. â€Å"What’s the problem now? † and â€Å"What are they complaining about this time? † are frequent questions you will hear floating around London; like the grey, smoky fog that lingers in its once blue skies. As if this wasn’t enough, you then have road works and cancelled trains to contend with. And don’t even get me started on taxi’s supposedly taking the ‘’short cut’’. There are a number of things wrong with taxies in the UK; whether that’s in large, populated cities like London or Manchester, or average, small towns like Harlow. The first problem you face, especially in busy areas, is actually being able to win the attention of a taxi. As you stand there on a sweltering August day, struggling to keep hold of about 50 unmanageably excessive bags, all you want to do is hop in a taxi and relax, as you let someone else worry about competing with the hectic traffic. However, it’s not all that easy. To win the attention of a taxi, you are required to stand there for at least 20 minutes, letting the mothers with new-borns and old age pensioners acquire a taxi before yourself, and then finally enter in an epic battle with another tired, beaten individual whose aim is analogous to yours. Once you have at last caught a taxies attention you get in expecting to be home in no time at all, only to reach there one hour later with an enormous fee of ? 70 so much for the â€Å"short cut† your driver promised, ‘ey? A lovely day of shopping has rapidly turned into a horrendously hot, back-breaking, furiously fighting battle, and, to make matters worse, your ? 70 poorer. When you are early, the bus is late. Everyone is aware that, generally, buses are between 5 and 20 minutes late; if you’re lucky. This isn’t such a problem in the summer; the bus stop provides a desired shelter from the fiery, burning sun as well as a place to sit and enjoy the weather. However, there comes time when you have no choice but to take the bus in winter – the last thing you want to be doing in such a cold period. This is usually how it goes You rush to the bus stop, puffing like a steam train, only to find yourself waiting for half an hour in the harsh winter cold, as your nose gradually becomes as red as a tomato. Icicles hang from your now numb ears, and you realise your heart rate has dramatically decreased. As last a rusty old dinosaur they call a bus lumbers into view, and you hope and pray that it has your number on the front. More often than not, you are heartbroken to see that this bus is not the one you need. However, you don’t waste time in deliberating whether you can take this bus to get close to your destination. But, of course, you can’t. ‘Public’ transport? Don’t make me laugh it’s as if buses were deliberately designed to avoid serving you; the bus you want never seems to want to arrive. So, as you sit there, shivering (and now very worried that you might be stuck at the bus stop forever), waiting for the bus like a child waits for Christmas morning, you start to believe it will never arrive. When, if by some miracle it does arrive, you drag your frozen limbs on board and pay your fare. Just when you think things can’t get any worse you are then ripped off with an adult fare when you’re only 15! As soon as the ticket is dispensed, before you can so much as grab a pole to steady yourself, the bus lurches forward with a roar, sending your bag bowling along to the end of the bus, as you fall forward on to an elderly lady’s lap. You are now finally on the bus, hoping that you can sit back and enjoy the scenic views of the journey. This, however, is not possible, because you have to wonder around all the bus to find a clean and hygienic, chewing gum free seat, where you can stand to sit for the short journey.

Last Splash Own Essay Essays - , Term Papers

Last Splash Own Essay The Last Splash My mother made me take swimming lessons every spring so that I would be able to enjoy my summer by the pool safely. There was always a fear inside of me because I knew that after some point, my feet would no longer be able to reach the bottom. No matter how much I resisted attending the lessons and getting in the water, my mother and my instructor always pushed me in. The dread never would leave though and one day the worst came true. My mom dropped me off at the YMCA as usual and made sure to watch me go inside. I went to the locker room, put my things away, grabbed my towel and began the dire walk towards the pool. The smell of the room where the pool was located reeked of chlorine and always made my stomach churn and the terror worse. I walked towards the side where my class met, kicked off my sandals and sat down anxiously. Not anxious for the beginning of class, but anxious for it to be over. As the kids started piling in excitedly awaiting their first splash, I wondered what horror I would be faced with that day. Then I overheard one child say, "hey, we get to jump off the diving board!" The tears began to soak the corners of my eyes and all the kids bouncing around became blurry to me. Was this true? Could I get out this terrible situation? Right then the teacher entered and I knew I was trapped. The teacher asked everyone to line up in back of the diving board ladder. All the other students eagerly took off to attempt to be the first to jump. I, on the other hand, lingered behind intentionally to get the very last spot. One by one they all sprung off and I knew my turn was rapidly approaching. My palms became sweaty, my mouth dried up and my knees began to rattle together uncontrollably. No matter what I did, the steps kept creeping closer and closer. Finally, there I was. I tried to run but the instructor caught hold of my arm and lifted me onto the board. I looked down and the pool appeared to be a never-ending abyss and I knew I couldn't willingly leap into it. It was surrounding me and my instructor was blocking the only way I would get off, by using the ladder. He ceaselessly urged me to just do it and tearfully I protested. He became frustrated with my procrastination and the yells of the other kids wanting another turn, so he hoisted me up and dropped me down. The fall seemed as long as waiting for Christmas morning to arrive and then I splurged under. I couldn't breathe, I couldn't see and I seemed to be twirling about with no power at all. As I tried violently to gasp for air and to see dry land again, something hard hit and then blackness. When I saw light again, everyone was standing in a circle around me. What had happened? Did I drown? Was I dead? Fortunately, I had survived and learned that the same instructor who had thrown me off the board had allowed another to go immediately after. They had landed on top of me under water and knocked me unconscious. My worst fear had actually come true and I knew I could never look at the water the same again. I never would be able to view the bottom of the pool but instead a hole that would grab me and suck me under. That was my last day of swimming lessons. It was also the last day the Cleveland, Tennessee YMCA had a diving board. I have never experienced fear like that since then, probably because I refuse to set foot on a diving board. I guess you could say that was the day of my last splash.

Books on French History

Books on French History This page indexes onsite bibliographic information about French history. General Histories The best one-volume books, plus a bonus for people wanting one book on recent events. A Concise History of France by Roger Price: Part of the Cambridge Concise Histories series, (and so linked to another book on this list), this text is a middle length run through of a fascinating but at times complicated history. The third edition has an extra chapter on very modern France.The Cambridge Illustrated History of France by Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie and Colin Jones: This is a great one-book summary of France’s history, with a broad range and plenty of visual stimuli.The History of Modern France: From The Revolution to the Present Day by Jonathan Fenby: French history in the post-Napoleonic era is no less interesting than the time before. It is good for the European Union and precursors as well as France. The Best Books Want to start reading about French history, but aren’t sure where to start? We’ve broken down the best books we’ve run on French history and divided them into three lists; we’ve also paid attention to covering as much ground as possible. Pre-Revolutionary France: Top 10France evolved around the turn of the first millennium, but this list goes back to the decline of the Romans to fill in all the eras. Wars against England, wars over religion, and the (possible) apogee of absolutism. The French Revolution: Top 10Probably the turning point around which modern European history revolved, The French Revolution began in 1789, changing both France, the continent and then the world. These ten books include one of my favorite ever history books. Post-Revolutionary France: Top 10French history didn’t end with the defeat of Napoleon, and there’s plenty to look for in the last two hundred years if you want fascinating events and interesting characters. Reviews and Summaries Check out this list of product summaries, that highlight the pros and cons of some stand-out books on French history. The list provides a brief review and lists supplementary detail; many entries also link to full reviews, including the below.​ Citizens by Simon SchamaThis book is a standout among all history books, not just those about French history. This history of the revolution from the early days to the start of the Directory is no less than fascinating but perhaps too baroque for the younger student.​The French Revolutionary Wars by Gregory Fremont-BarnesThe French Revolutionary Wars often get folded into the Napoleonic Wars, so this book that tackles them alone. is well-appreciated.The Oxford History of the French Revolution by William DoyleIf you want to know what happened in the French Revolution, and why, read this excellent work from Doyle. It’s been through several editions, and this is the best student textbook.

Budgeting Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Budgeting Assignment - Essay Example ndividual budget estimates, Suggesting revisions in individual budget estimates ,Approval of budget and later revisions., Receiving and analyzing budget reports, recommendations of actions needed and designed to improve efficiency where necessary. Cumulative efforts are made at all levels , at the decision making process for establishing targets and making estimates and at the implementation phase also when the budgeted target has to be achieved. Otley (1999) suggests that the budgetary control process provides an encompassing framework through which all aspects of an organization’s activity are summed up into a single set of financial statements but at the same time It acts as a valuable source of monitoring the actual outcomes with the budgeted and also helps to identify and eliminate the inefficiencies in an organization performance, for example. In some type of businesses where there is rapid change in current environment conditions because of any economic or social factors, frequent budget changes are avoided because budget revision are considered as time consuming and loss in budgetary control. It’s difficult to avoid the inevitable distorting effects arisen when managers are rewarded for achieving the budget targets. This can be reduced by giving some proper and justified incentive schemes like bonuses or overtime premium or any other reward system to the subordinates. It should be kept in mind that it is the overall collective team effort and the usually the pressure is usually taken by the middle and lower level management to meet the targeted goals. For example preparation of purchase budget can never be made without the production budget in any manufacturing concern. The purchase department must know the targeted production in order to estimate the amount and qty of raw material required for the finished goods. Similarly, the sales budget is a prerequisite of making a production budget because the production department must be aware

Soldiers with Large Weapons in Predator-Abundant Midsummer Research Paper

Soldiers with Large Weapons in Predator-Abundant Midsummer - Research Paper Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that being in a position to comprehend the causal mechanisms and outcomes of trait variation can present imperative insights of how organismal phenotypes are manipulated in the process of evolution and how they influence communal dynamics and the population. Different approaches are used to determine the variation in the trait. One notable approach involves measuring the number of aphids in colonies that belong to each of the three wild populations, and the number of predators of each colony. Three separate colonies, all in Japan were used in the study. One aspect to the colonies that was mutual was that they were all situated at the periphery of deciduous forests, where the S. senanensis host plant was found in abundance. Each colony was surveyed one to three times each month. The survey was conducted in August 2006. In each survey, S. senanensis leaves were picked up, each must have had a colony of aphid so as to collec t both the aphid and the predator. All aphids and predators collected were placed in ethanol and then preserved in plastic bags. Aphid mothers seemingly produce sturdy soldiers as a sole reaction to environmental temperature. This is done just before the coming of the â€Å"dangerous time† as a move that can expound on the mechanism of the spatiotemporal variation in natural populations. These results may actually be the initial indication of the evidence of the actuality of an adaptive strategy in relation to the morphological characteristics of soldiers in aphids. The results do not reveal much about the defensive strategy of the aphids, in particular, the factors influencing the production of soldiers in C. japonica. The correlation between production of soldiers and soldier armature can be approximated by measuring up the number and armature of soldier produced by the aphids that have been nurtured at different environmental temperature.

Sexuality at Different Life Stages Essay Example for Free

Sexuality at Different Life Stages Essay Anna, an adolescent girl, is very much in love with her boyfriend who is three years older than she. He is putting a lot of pressure on her to have sex. At the same time, she is anxious about her parents’ attitude towards her boyfriend. Her mother constantly warns her about dating an older boy and assumes that he intends to take advantage of her. Young Anna is experiencing new emotions along with new physical sensations triggered by hormones and the lives of her peers. There are several topics Anna needs to discuss in order to make the best decision without feeling uncomfortable or forced by her parents, her boyfriend, or even her therapist. Anna’s Age Anna needs to discuss the difference between what she is feeling now versus how she will feel as an adult, once the hormone levels have evened out. It is important for her to understand that what she thinks may be a long term, emotional, attachment, may end much sooner than she think and that making a decision based on these emotion may end up causing her emotional pain. By explaining to Anna that, if the love is as strong as she believes it to be, her relationship will last long enough for her to be able to make this decision without all of the physical, emotional, and peer pressure she may feel more comfortable in waiting to make such a major move with her boyfriend. Self Esteem Anna is feeling pressure from her boyfriends and may fear the relationship will end if she does not have sex with him. Anna and her therapist need to take time to discuss how she sees herself and how she feels others view her. With a higher self esteem, Anna may come to understand that she doesn’t have to give in to his pressure and, if the relationship does end, that she will have plenty of chances to find someone else who she will see as just as good, or better, than her current boyfriend. Raising her self esteem may also help her feel more confident in making decision that may go against what her peers are doing or trying to convince her to do. If she can feel strong in her decisions, there may be less of a chance of others changing her mind simply because â€Å"everyone else is doing it†. Sexual Realities Many adolescents may believe that engaging in sexual activities makes them more mature or helps them reach adulthood faster than others. Helping Anna understand the truth about what sex may or may not change about her body and personality could give her a better understanding about herself and her peers as she tries to make the difficult decisions that come with growing up. It may also help calm some fears that she may have about sexuality that she may have receive from listening to misinformed peers. Contraception and Sexually Transmitted Infections Whatever Anna decides, she needs to know how to protect herself from unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Since there are many myths on how to prevent pregnancy and STIs, she needs to know the truth so she can avoid potentially dangerous or negatively life altering situations. With this knowledge, Anna may decide to wait until she has more understanding or, at least, until she can feel sure that sex with her boyfriend is safe and they are both willing and able to take on the responsibilities of contraception, or of raising a child if they choose not to prevent pregnancy. Conclusion Whatever Anna decides, the best thing is that she makes an informed decision. With proper knowledge, she can prevent much of the emotional and physical pain that can come from a misinformed decision and possibly even decide to wait until her body, and her emotions are fully matured and she is truly ready to take on the responsibility of sexual activity. Her therapist needs to help her communicate openly about her fears, wants, and needs and show her what she needs to be happy and healthy through this stressful and confusing time in her life. Before and after Anna decides, she needs someone who is well informed to speak to openly about sex and the different feelings that come along with each activity.

Essay --

Merging Bharat with India (Banking the UNBANKED): Introduction India is very well positioned for a new era of growth. It has a young demography, an abundance of entrepreneurial vigour, a highly competitive and agile services sector, significant potential in burgeoning industries and massive untapped consumer demand in its rural populations. The banking industry has also shown tremendous growth in volume and complexity since the advent of 1991 reforms in India. Despite making significant improvements in all the areas relating to financial and economical viability, profitability, governance and competitiveness, there are concerns that banks have not been able to reach and bring vast chunk of the population, especially the people touted to be at the â€Å"bottom of the pyramid† into the fold of basic banking services. This brings us to the much discussed and deliberated topic of financial inclusion. What exactly is Financial Inclusion? Dr K C Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India defines Financial Inclusion in these words, â€Å"Financial Inclusion is the process of ensuring access to appropriate financial products and services needed by all sections of the society at an affordable cost in a fair and transparent manner by mainstream institutional players.† Current Scenario As we have moved forward on the path of reforms, we have moved away from the main objective i.e - social equity. The focus on the aam aadmi is extremely important in our country as he is usually the neglected one. Even after 20 years of banking sector privatisation, today only 35% of the Indian population has formal bank accounts compared to an average of 41% in developing economies. In a country where nearly 70% of the population lives in villages, the numb... ... to be tempered because the financial system can grow only as fast as the rest of our economy. With the present India’s income levels, it is neither doing much worse nor much better than its peers as far as key parameters of financial inclusion are taken into consideration. A cross-country survey done by the World Bank shows that 7% of Indians reported taking a loan from a financial institution in the past year and 11% reported saving at a formal financial institution. These figures were found to be similar to the average of lower middle-income range countries. The percentage of persons taking formal financial loans is roughly the same across the developing countries. The journey could be long and arduous but we have embarked in the right direction. The road will finally lead to a place where Bharat WILL merge and there will be one entity, one nation, one INDIA.

Reading and Books Essay

Despite the vast, growing and active educational reforms continuously being modified and implemented in today’s Philippine Educational System such as MTB – MLE and K+12 education curriculum, there are still 6. 2 million Filipino youth who does not receive proper and formal education in the classroom, which includes the Out – of – school children and youth. Specifically, according to the 2010 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS) of the National Statistics Office (NSO) released November 2011, one out of eight Filipinos aged between 6 and 24 is an out- of- school youth(OSY). Current estimates further indicate that 7. 8 million Filipinos or 16. 2% of the population are not functionally literate. About 3. 9 million of them are out of school youth. The Philippine government defines an out –of- school youth (OSY) as someone who is not attending formal education and/or not gainfully employed in the case of youth 18 to 24 years old who have not finished college or even a technical vocational course. The government further explains that the primary reasons for these out of school youth for not attending school is poverty and lack of personal interest. On the other hand, out- of- school youth are vulnerable people who have special needs too. Nobody can deny the hard fact that education is still an extremely important factor for bringing change in the lives of these individuals. It has universally been recognized as the most powerful instrument and pre – requisite for gearing up the socio – economic development of a nation. This is why investment in education is considered to be so vital for human resource development and enhancement of the quality of manpower. In the history of humankind, there is an established fact that a certain level of literacy in population is an essential pre – requisite for precipitating the process of development in a country. It is emphasized therefore that the most active part in the socio – economic development of any country or region always consists of the adolescents. Moreover, many people have a misleading impression of the abilities and capacities of â€Å"out – of – school youth†. It is generally assumed that this group needs to re – do and re – learn the most basic literacy skills. Hence, they are marginalized and ostracized. In fact, out – of- school youths do have some experience of learning within the formal system. In addition, many of them have gained rich learning experiences from their environment and culture. Thus, basic literacy does not necessarily mean teaching literacy in its most basic forms. However, the acquired skills and knowledge need to be recognized, tapped into and enhanced. Out- of- school youths may have failed to complete their education in the formal system due to various reasons, such as socio – economic or health issues, urbanization, teacher – teaching factors or curriculum problems but UNESCO still has enumerated and emphasized the basic literacy for out – of- school youth development which involves the acquisition of the basic skills needed to cope with the complex and technological world, including IT and computer skills, communication skills – listening, speaking, reading, writing, viewing, critical thinking and many others. Moreover, developing the literacy of OSY’s is a complex process, which involves enhancing the knowledge and capacities that they have gained over the years and providing them with access to challenging learning opportunities. The Philippines through the initiative of the Bureau of Alternative Learning System formerly called the Bureau of Non – formal Education (BNFE) is responsible for contributing to the improvement of the poor including the out – of school youth and drop outs through literacy and continuing education programs. Its aim is to focused basic services to the more disadvantaged sections of the population to improve their welfare and contribute to human resource development. This was done to respond to the need of a more systematic and flexible approach in reaching all types of learners outside the formal school system. The Alternative Learning System (ALS) is a parallel learning system that provides a viable alternative to existing formal education instruction. It encompasses both non – formal and informal sources of knowledge and skills. Certification of learning for out – of –school youth and adults , aged 15 years and over, who are unable to gain from the formal school system and who have dropped out of formal elementary and secondary education , is ensured through the Alternative Learning System Accreditation and the Equivalency (ALS A &E) System. The system of certification is done through successful completion of the ALS and A & E test at two learning levels – elementary and secondary. Those who pass the test have to undergo counseling to explore their oppurtunities, be it a return to the formal school system or the option to enter the world of work. (UNESCO Bangkok, 2009). The ALS eSkwela program has five main learning strands: Communication skills, critical thinking and problem solving, sustainable use of resources and productivity, development of self and a sense of community, and expanding one’s world vision. Since ALS is a module-based learning system, students come in on a set time and choose a module to read. A quiz is given after each module to test their learning. Instead of teachers, facilitators are always present to answer any questions and sometimes lecturers would discuss a certain module. Apart from the major aim and objective of the system, the ALS Project was conceived to respond to many grassroots learning needs and at the same time fulfill the following key social development objectives of EFA: †¢Functional Literacy: Current estimates indicate that there are 7. 8 million Filipinos or 16. 2% of the population who are not functionally literate. About 3. 9 million of them are out of school youth. †¢Family Literacy: Many parents want to develop functional reading, writing and numeracy skills and knowledge so that they can help their children do their homework. †¢Community Participation: †¢ Continuing Education: Many people who have obtained literacy skills and want to continue learning should be given the means and tools to return to formal schooling or go on learning on their own. †¢Empowerment: Out-of-school youth and adults living in economically depressed communities need to develop communication, problem solving, critical thinking, and learning-to-learn skills and competencies which will directly help them raise their standard of living and improve their quality of life. Functional basic education should empower them with better health practices, better food, increased income, improved family life, more direct civic and community participation and more opportunities for wider life choices. It is noted that the ALS learning modules constructed by SEAMEO Innotech experts are freely chosen, used and read by the students. It is true therefore that through the skill called reading, any idea or module given to them are enlightened. On the other hand, observations show that are still many problems and issues encountered along the Reading performance and proficiency of the out – of – School Youth which includes vocabulary, comprehension, study skills and others. Even the (UIS, 2011) stated a very alarming issue that seven hundred and seventy-five million adults all over the world cannot read. Many of these OSY’s too are unemployed, underemployed adn lacks basic English language literacy skills specially reading and writing. In addition, UNESCO also emphasized that the basic English literacy skills development is too considered as a means of widening the experiences of learners and allowing them to communicate effectively in their everyday life as well as in their future lives as responsible citizens and professionals. Accordingly, woven into the framework of the basic English Literacy skills is also the development of critical thinking skills. Thinking critically would mean grasping the complexity of the world and questioning how others think in order to clarify and improve one’s own understanding. Although, schools and learning institutions clearly neglect the development of critical thinking, there is much evidence to show that students’ reading and writing abilities are linked to their ability to question facts and information. Literacy is briefly defined as the â€Å"ability to read and write†. When we think of literacy, we think of reading. But being able to read does not mean someone is necessarily a literate person. In the 21st century, literacy encompasses the skills youth and adults need to be functional in the society, including numeracy and reading and writing skills. Most learning is dependent to reading. As the learner advances in the educational ladder, more complex reading skills are required of him. Effective reading requires from an individual the ability to locate keywords in a sentence, locate the topic sentence in a paragraph and understand and interpret what is read. Reading, therefore is an important skill a child must developed in order to cope to the very fast, changing and difficulties the world offers. Of many skills it is cited that it is one of the first skill a literate person must acquire. Likewise, there were many studies and projects that responded to the many goals of ALS and UNESCO in general, specifically along the communication skills strands. One of which is the Project EASE. This study made use of a Reading Comprehension and writing composition test to assess the basic communication skills of the students. Unfortunately, there were only few qualifiers for the said program the rest did not qualify. Most of the non – qualifiers came from the lower sections where the pressure to earn was much stronger. The non – qualifier was given another chance. They were administered with an alternative cloze type of comprehension test carefully made by the SEAMEO Innotech experts. The program such as EASE was pronounced. (add facts) Another is a study on the Attributes of High School Student – qualifiers in the Accreditation and Equivalency Program (AEP) which was done as Basis for a proposed Action Program by Rarang in (1999). The study made use of the public high school students in the fourth congressional district of Pangasinan during the school year 1997 – 1998. The study was done for the purpose of creating appropriate action programs that could increase the probability of prospective PEPT examinees to qualify for promotion or year level acceleration. The result of the study revealed that out of the 86 respondents who took the 1997 PEPT only four qualified for the acceleration or promotion to the next higher level in high school. Furthermore, the research made use of the Descriptive Method with a pre and post enrollment attributes of the student – qualifier in the AEP as data gathering instrument. It was found out that there was more male drop – outs that females and their dropping age ranged from 13 to 17 years old and that before the respondents dropped out from school, the last level they completed was Grade VI. The findings of the study also revealed that the main reason for the learners dropping out is due to financial difficulty. They also vary in their performance in the last year level they attended with 89. 13% as the highest average grade and the lowest grade at 68. 25%. More so, the study discovered that the contributory factor in the acceleration and promotion of the students to the next level are their reading activities done during their free time like reading magazines, newspapers, books, pocketbooks and even their old notes. Accordingly, reading is the most important factor in achieving promotion and acceleration. Many reading researches have shown that learners and OSY’s reading skills literacy performance is always at risks. Firstly, in the second Readership Survey made by SWS survey commissioned by NBDB floated all over the Philippines revealed that reading has slightly declined in our country. Only 92 percent of the 1,200 respondents say that they read, down to two percent from the first Readership survey done in 2003. In the literacy field, comprehension is primarily identified as the goal of (Duke & Pearson, 2002; Duke, Pearson, Strachan, & Billman, 2011). While many agrees comprehension is of utmost importance, many still argue that in this many classroom context, focusing on students’ fluency did not limit students’ development as readers, particularly for those who were asked to read aloud. The findings of this study also pointed out the importance of teachers examining the learners own perceptions about reading and reading instruction (Edwards, Martin, Protacio, & Razali,2010). Furthermore, (Biancarosa & Snow, 2006; Joftus, 2002) exclaimed that even among students who do graduate from highschool, inadequate reading skills are a key impediment to success in postsecondary education (American Diploma Project, 2004). Students who struggle with reading of ten lack the prerequisites to take academically challenging coursework that could lead to more wide reading and thus exposure to advanced vocabulary and content ideas (Au, 2000). The 2006 report by ACT, Inc. , Reading Between the Lines: What the ACT Reveals About College Readiness in Reading, describes even more troubling trends. Only 51% of students who took the ACT test in 2004 were ready for college-level reading demands (ACT, Inc. , 2006). The reading skill levels of the out-of-school youth population have remained  low, especially in comparison to the rising skill demands of employers. Although this report cannot summarize the changing qualifications, a number of indicators suggest a serious shortfall between the skills of out-of-school youth and job requirements. Dropouts and other out-of-school youth are reported to be unable to attain basic levels of math and reading proficiency are certainly much higher. White Paper further explains that young people leaving the educational system at 16, or more likely 19, must at least have the requisite literacy and communication skills to be employable and to be effective in life. Since reading is linked to writing, students write about what they read. Young and adults who are behind in reading and writing simply have not had as much experience reading and writing as young adults who are proficient readers and writers. Moreover, out – of- school youth who are behind have also not leaned the strategies that proficient readers and writers use to understand text and communicate their ideas in writing. This means that explicitly the strategies that proficient readers and writers use and providing guided practice are the keys to improving these skills. It has been proven that Out – of- school youth possess a broad repertoire of knowledge and skills that simply needs to be recognized, tapped into and enhanced in order for their abilities to improve. Indeed, there is a need to place a greater emphasis on developing and enhancing quality English language literacy skills training, programs and instructional materials for Out – of – School youth development. The conception of the ALS program or the Alternative Learning System is a great endeavor that caters to the needs and improvement of Out –of-School youth in the City Schools Division of Dagupan City. The ALS DEpED Dagupan City Division is one with the government in the active fulfillment of its task to reach and educate the OSY’s in the City. In fact, there have been many OSY’s who benefited from the program. Latest report says that ALS students in Region I show positive interest in this endeavor. Dagupan City Schools Division is composed of five Districts. From all over the city, there have been many Out – of –school youth coming from the 31 barangays of the city who enrolled in the said program. With the initiative of teachers and volunteers who facilitates the program, the actual teaching and learning is collectively done with the help of the module based learning materials. Furthermore, in the case study conducted by the Accreditation and Equivalency System of the Non – Formal Education Project clearly encourages service providers like educational institutions to identify and make use of variety of enriching materials both print and non – print in addition to the prescribed NFE and A & E Learning modules provided by the SEAMEO – INNOTECH. With the encouragement of the BNFE or the ALS calling to different service providers to respond and create instructional materials that the OSY’s can benefit, the researcher will study on the present Reading Comprehension Skills Levels of the Dagupeno OSY’s particularly on the Reading Comprehensions Skills Level of the ALS students presently registered and attending the regular Eskwela ALS program in the City schools division of Dagupan during the calendar year 2013– 2014 and envisions to create a Self – Learning Reading Material that will better improve and enhance the Reading Comprehension and in general proficiency of the ALS learners. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM This study aims to analyze the Reading Comprehension Skills Level of ALS students in the city schools division of Dagupan. Specifically, it will answer the following questions: 1. What is the performance of the ALS students in the reading Comprehension Test in terms of the: a. Total scores they will obtain from the Reading Comprehension Test? b. Specific scores they will obtained in the following reading Comprehension levels: Literal Reorganizational Inferential Evaluational Appreciational? 2. What is the extent of performance of the ALS students in the reading Comprehension test in terms of: a. Total scores they will obtain from the Reading Comprehension Test? scores they will obtained in the following reading Comprehension levels: Literal Reorganizational Inferential Evaluational Appreciational? 3. What instructional material will be proposed to address the reading comprehension inadequacies of the ALS students? SUBJECTS The subjects of the study will be the ALS students of the city schools division of Dagupan enrolled in the five districts of the division. There is a total of 447 ALS students in the division and they will be randomly selected from among the districts of the division. The respondents of the study will be elementary drop – outs, secondary drop – outs, non- passer of previous ALS A&E Test/s, Learners/Completers of the ALS programs and Youth and adult drop – outs. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS/ Assumptions The study will be anchored on the following assumptions: 1. The total test scores and the scores in the specific skills areas of the ALS students will reflect their reading comprehension performance. 2. The ALS students’ responses to the items in the test must truthful and accurate SCOPE AND DELIMITATION The study will be conducted to determine the reading comprehension performance and skills of the ALS students of the city schools division of Dagupan during the S. Y. 2013 – 2014. The respondents of the study will be elementary drop – outs, secondary drop – outs, non- passer of previous ALS A&E Test/s, Learners/Completers of the ALS programs and Youth and adult drop – outs in general. A constructed Reading Comprehension Test will be used as instrument in gathering data pertinent to the study. The Reading Comprehension test will be carefully validated, tabulated and interpreted to arrive at accurate and precise results that will help as basis for the creation of a self- learning reading material for ALS students. Definition of Terms The following terms are carefully defined in the context of the study to provide a common understanding and frame of reference between the researcher and the readers: Reading both a process and a product and it involves bringing the individual’s entire life experiences and thinking patterns to understand what the writer has written (Aukerman, 1981). Reading Comprehension refers to the ability to understand text read by means of constructing meaning with the use of some clues in the text and the schema or background knowledge of the reader about the text. Reading Comprehension Abilities, also referred to as reading comprehension skills, refer to the five(5) reading levels (Toffelson, as cited by Tuvera, 1993) of reading comprehension, which include (1) Literal Level;(2) Reorganizational Level; (3) Inferential Level; (4) Evaluational Level; and (5) Appreciational Level. Specific Comprehension Skills refers to the specific skills that make up the different reading levels. Literal level of reading refers to the reading level that enables the students to recognized and/or recall details, main ideas, sequences, comparison, cause and effect relationships, character traits and recall author’s organization and explicitly stated information in the reading selection (Toffelson, as cited by Tuvera, 1993). Reorganizational level of reading refers to the reading level that enables the student to classify or group, outline or specify, summarize and synthesize text that has been read (Toffelson, as cited by Tuvera, 1993). Inferential Level of reading refers to the reading level that enables the student to infer supporting details which require the making of a hypothesis on an information that might have been included in the text; infer the main idea; infer a sequence which requires the student to make a hypothesis about what might have occurred in addition to the already explicitly stated events and making a hypothesis in events beyond completion of the text. Other skills also included are inferring, comparison, cause and effect relationships, charater traits,  author’s organization, figurative language and predicting outcomes (Toffelson, as cited by Tuvera, 1993). Evaluational level of reading refers to the reading level that enables the student to make a judgment of reality and fantasy and judgment between fact and opinion (Toffelson, as cited by Tuvera, 1993). Appreciational level of Reading refers to the reading level that enables the student to have emotional response to the text and determine an author’s purpose, mood, tone and point of vies (Toffelson, as cited by Tuvera, 1993). Performance is defined as a manner of functioning: the manner in which something or someone or somebody functions, operates, or behaves (Microsoft Encarta 2006. 1993 – 2005 Microsoft Corporation). In this study, it refers to the number of correct answers of the ALS students an all the specific levels of the reading comprehension test to reflect the students’ reading comprehension abilities. Extent of Performance refers to the reading comprehension abilities of the students based on a scale of scores to describe the level of reading comprehension of the ALS students. The scale will consists of three (3) levels: High , for scores equivalent to 75 percent – 100 percent; Moderate, for scores equivalent to 50 percent – 74 percent; and Low, for scores equivalent to at most 49 percent of the total point and of their points in the different specific reading comprehension skills areas. Total Scores obtained refers to the raw scores of the students which will correspond to the number of the correct answers of the ALS students in the reading comprehension test. Specific scores obtained refers to the raw scores of the learners in the different specific skill areas which correspond to the number of correct answers of the students in the specific skill areas. Self – Learning Reading Activities are activities involving processes which will enhance the reading performance and improve the five levels of reading comprehension of the ALS students . It also encourages students to gain more interest in reading with the aid of the designated activities. Analysis refers to the process of categorizing the performance of the students in the reading comprehension test in its totality and in the specific reading skills according to the extent of their performance. Out – of School Youth ALS ALS Learners ALS Implementers Conceptual Framework The objective of all readers should be comprehension of what they read. Comprehension is understanding. Understanding involves abilities to explain, interpret, apply, have perspective, empathize, and have self – knowledge (Wiggins and Mctighe,1998). Reading is both a process and a product ant it involves bringing the individual’s entire life experiences and thinking patterns to understand what the writer has written (Aukerman, 1981). When good decoders have problems with comprehension, they need help in developing language proficiency and listening comprehension. Teachers can help them develop the corresponding skills by combining vocabulary and comprehension strategy instruction with encouragement to enhance their reading of different materials Dymock, 1993). Reading comprehension can be effected by background knowledge. This concept is proved that when readers possess rich prior knowledge about the topic of a reading material, they often understand the reading material better than readers with low prior knowledge. That said, readers couldn’t always relate their world knowledge to the content of a text because they are not able to, even when they possess knowledge relevant to the information it presents. Often, they do not make inferences based on prior knowledge unless the inference are absolutely demanded to make sense of the text (Mckoon % Ratcliff, 1992). The study is anchored on the core concept that reading difficulties encountered by learners can be addressed by an appropriate learning material in the form of a self – learning reading material which will address their difficulties to be assessed using the reading comprehension test. Research Paradigm Figure 1. Paradigm of the study Figure 1 above illustrates the prerequisites in the development of a Self – Learning Reading Materail to improve the reading comprehension ability of ALS learners in the city schools division of Dagupan. CHAPTER II Review of Related Literature and Studies This chapter presents studies and literature which are seen to be significant that can give light to the completion and conduct of the research. FOREIGN Educational research has become a global enterprise, with researchers recognizing the need to be aware of educational practices in other countries. Burbules (2002) notes that this international context makes possible the sharing of knowledge and experience gained in relation to reform and evaluation in different countries. Recent studies show that seven hundred and seventy-five million adults cannot read (UIS, 2011). According to the study conducted by Glewwe and Kremer, (2006 ) a major factor in the poor reading problem is the poor quality of public schools in developing countries. Many peoples understanding of the educational production function, however, is still limited. Providing resources to schools with no other inputs rarely improves overall student performance and that if resources are paired with a larger array of inputs, students’ test scores do improve, he exclaimed. Unfortunately, the exact kind of additional support is necessary to make additional resources effective. For reading in particular, a number of studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of large comprehensive changes. Banerjee et al. (2007) studies an Indian remedial education program. The intervention itself causes students’ reading skills to improve, but because the intervention changes the educational environment along multiple dimensions – additional teachers, new pedagogical methods, new curriculum, changes to organization of the classroom, and additional resources – it is impossible to identify which components are necessary. In addition, a Case Study of Reading Instruction in a Philippine Classroom was also conducted by Protacio and Sarroub, (2013) where the reading practices in a public and high-achieving 6th grade English classroom in the Philippines were used as subjects of the study. The study utilized a four resources model, the different roles that students assume in this classroom was also clearly discussed. The students in the class are describe mainly as code breakers and text users and have limited opportunities to assume the other two roles of the four resources model. The study also provides a different view of reading, specifically a view of a culture of reading wherein higher status is given to oral reading performance rather than comprehension. The results of the study further revealed that reading is perceived as an oral performance activity by Filipino students because reading aloud is used frequently to negotiate the lack of resources in Philippine public schools. Comprehension does not matter as much to these students; rather, they are concerned with how they are perceived as oral readers in English, which is their second language. The case study findings provide a different view of reading, specifically a view of a culture of reading wherein higher status is given to oral performance rather than comprehension or fluency. The data also reveals that the predominant emphasis on oral performance satisfies only two roles or family of practices in the â€Å"four resources model of reading†: code breakers and text users. All of the students in the pilot section were not afforded opportunities by the teacher to fully engage with the four resources, as the class focused mostly on oral recitation as the main indicator for reading well. Students in this class infrequently assumed the role of meaning-makers and text analysts (Luke & Freebody, 1999; Underwood, Yoo, & Pearson, 2007). Instead, both students and teacher privileged correct pronunciation and reading correctly aloud—getting the accent right determined who the best students were in the class. Though, Philippine literacy scholars have commented on the emphasis on performance and reading aloud. Maminta (1982) discusses how reading as a subject was relegated to the background as the curriculum emphasized speech improvement with most of the class time being spent on pattern drills, mimicry, and memorization. Even though Maminta’s article focuses on speech improvement as being the emphasis three decades ago, it seems that it still characterizes classroom practice in the Philippines today. In the pilot section, the students themselves seemed to be the ones placing the emphasis on speech improvement. In the literacy field, comprehension is primarily identified as the goal of reading (Duke & Pearson, 2002; Duke, Pearson, Strachan, & Billman, 2011). While many agrees that comprehension is of utmost importance, many still argues that in this classroom context, focusing on students’ fluency did not limit students’ development as  readers, particularly for those who were asked to read aloud. What we do feel strongly about is the importance of providing all students opportunities to assume the role of readers in this classroom by giving all students a chance to read aloud in class. However, we noticed that, sadly, this was not the case. The findings of this study also point to the importance of teachers examining their own perceptions about reading and reading instruction (Edwards, Martin, Protacio, & Razali,2010). Moreover, Reading fluency is the point at which beginning readers rely less on the phonemic decoding to recognize individual words and begin to recognize whole words, allowing for an increase in reading speed and comprehension. Meyer and Felton (1999), for example, define fluency as â€Å"the ability to read connected text rapidly, smoothly, effortlessly, and automatically with little conscious attention to the mechanics of reading, such as decoding. † Also, a study on the Effective Reading Programs for Middle and High School synthesized by Slavin, Cheung, Groff and Lake was published in 2009. This is a collection of many reading programs that systematically reviewed research on the achievement outcomes of four types of approaches to improving the reading of middle and high school students: specifically on the (1 ) reading curricula, (2) mixed-method models (methods that combine large and small-group instruction with computer activities), (3) computer-assisted instruction, and (4) instructional-process programs (methods that focus on providing teachers with extensive professional development to implement specific instructional methods). The collective synthesized study found out that students who enter high school with poor literacy skills face long odds against graduating and going on to postsecondary education or satisfying careers.